Diabetes Symptoms

What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a metabolism disorder. Meaning of this is that proper way of body uses way for digesting food for the growth and energy of the body. Whatever food we eat is broken into the glucose and creates the sugar useful for the body. Glucose is very useful fuel for the body.

After the digestion, glucose exceeds into the bloodstream. Cells in this area use this glucose for energy and growth. For taking the glucose into cells, insulin is useful. Insulin is one of the hormones created by the pancreas. Pancreas is a large gland present behind the stomach.

When we eat something, the pancreas present in the body creates the right amount of insulin which is required for moving glucose from blood into the cells. In the people who are suffering from diabetes, pancreas produced either little or no insulin or the cells in the body do not give proper response to the insulin.

Glucose created in the blood, run over into the urine, and exceed out of the body through the urine. Therefore body loses important fuel in the body if the blood contains large amount of the glucose.

Types of the diabetes:

Following are three types of the diabetes:

Type 1 Diabetes:

Type 1 diabetes is known as autoimmune disease. Autoimmune disease occurs when system of the body turns against the part of the body. In this type of diabetes, immune system attacks on insulin creating beta cells and destroys those cells present in the pancreas. Therefore the person suffering from type 1 diabetes has to take insulin daily to live.

Type 2 Diabetes:

Type 2 diabetes is very common type of diabetes. Ninety to ninety-five percent of the people of diabetes have type 2 diabetes. This type of diabetes occurs in corpulence, older age people, family history of diabetes, physical inactivity, previous history of gestational diabetes, and certain ethnicities. 80 percent of the people suffering from type 2 are overweight.

Gestational Diabetes:

Gestational diabetes occurs in women at the time of pregnancy. After the birth of baby, this type of diabetes get disappears. Twenty to fifty percent of the women having gestational diabetes have the chances of developing type 2 diabetes in 5 to 10 years.

How is diabetes diagnosed?

For diagnosing the diabetes in children and non pregnant women is using the tests named as fasting blood glucose test. Following tests and results are responsible fro diagnosing the diabetes:

A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or more 2 hours after drinking a beverage containing 75 grams of glucose dissolved in water. This test is called the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
A blood glucose level of 126 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or more after an 8-hour fast. This test is called the fasting blood glucose test.
A random (taken at any time of day) blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or more, along with the presence of diabetes symptoms.

Gestational diabetes is diagnosed depends on the blood glucose levels measured at the time of OGTT. At the time of pregnancy, glucose level normally lower. So the cutoff levels for the diabetes diagnosis in the pregnancy become lower. This glucose test in women is done before drinking the beverage containing glucose. Then the levels of glucose are checked one, two, and three hours afterward. If a woman has glucose of levels two exceeding or meeting any of the numbers given below, she is having gestational diabetes: a fasting blood glucose level of 95 mg/dL, a 1-hour level of 180 mg/dL, a 2-hour level of 155 mg/dL, or a 3-hour level of 140 mg/dL.

Diabetes Symptoms:

Diabetes Type 1:

In this type of diabetes, pancreas stop to produce insulin which is useful for the body. This happens because of attack of virus on the pancreas. Without the insulin body doesn't get glucose to produce the Adenosin Triphosphate which results into the primary diabetes symptoms such as nausea or vomiting. In the later parts, body starts breaking down the tissues of muscles overweight for the energy and then starts loss of weight.

Diabetes Type 2:

Polydipsia: If concentration of glucose gets increased in the blood then brain receives the signal for diluting it and in its counteraction we feel thirsty.
Increased fatigue: Due to incompetence of the cell to metabolise glucose, keep plump of body is metabolised to gain energy. When fats get broken then body requires more energy as compared with the glucose which results in fatigue.
Weight flactuation : Factors like glucosuria , loss of water, metabolism of body fat and the protein may direct to the weight loss.
Polyuria: Increase in urine production is the result seen when excess of glucose is present in body. Body tries to get rid of the extra sugar in the blood by excreting it through the urine. This can also lead to dehydration because excreting the sugar which carries a large amount of water out of the body along with it.
Irritability: It is one of the sign of high blood sugar because of the inefficient supply of glucose to brain and other body organs, which make us, feel tired and uneasy.
Polyphegia : The hormone insulin is also responsible for stimulating hunger. In order to cope up with high sugar levels in blood, body produces insulin which leads to increased hunger.
Blurry vision: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemia nonketotic syndrome is the condition when body fluid is pulled out of tissues including lenses of eye, which affects the ability of lenses to focus resulting in blurry vision.
Poor wound healing: High blood sugar resists the flourishing of WBC, (white blood cell) which are responsible for body immune system. When these cells do not function accordingly, wound healing is not at good pace. Secondly, long standing diabetes leads to thickening of blood vessels which may affect proper circulation of blood in different body parts.
Infections : Certain signals from the body is given whenever there is fluctuation of blood sugar (due to suppression of immune system) by frequent infections of fungal or bacterial like skin infection or UTI (urinary tract infection).

Diabetes Treatment:

Self-Care at Home

Diet: For controlling the level of blood sugar, healthy diet is very useful. and prevents the diabetes complications.

If the patient is fat and suffering from the difficulty of loosing the weight, then talk to healthcare provider. He or she can advise a dietitian or a weight modification program useful for patient to reach a goal.
Eat a well-balanced, consistent diet that is high in fiber, low in concentrated sweets and low in saturated fat.
A consistent diet that contains approximately the same number of calories at about the same times of day helps the healthcare provider prescribe the correct dose of insulin or medication.
It avoids excessively high or low level of sugar, and help to keep blood sugar at a relatively even level which can be dangerous and even life-threatening.

Exercise: Foe reducing the risk of diabetes, regular exercise in any of the form is very useful. It is also useful for reducing the complications of diabetes, such as stroke, heart disease, kidney failure, leg ulcers and blindness.

Alcohol use: Use of alcohol can cause high or low levels of blood sugar, nerve pain called the neuritis, and increases triglycerides, which is a type of fat in our blood. Smoking: Smoking is very risky for the diabetes patient. Smoking damages the blood vessels and causes to heart disease, poor circulation in the limbs and stroke.

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